"Boxing" is the process of putting a primitive value into a primitive-wrapper object. When that's done purely to use the wrapper class' ``++toString++`` method, it's a waste of memory and cycles because those methods are ``++static++``, and can therefore be used without a class instance. Similarly, using the ``++static++`` method ``++valueOf++`` in the primitive-wrapper classes with a non-``++String++`` argument should be avoided.