== Why is this an issue?

According to the Java documentation, any implementation of the ``++InputSteam.read()++`` method is supposed to read the next byte of data from the input stream. The value byte must be an ``++int++`` in the range 0 to 255. If no byte is available because the end of the stream has been reached, the value -1 is returned.


But in Java, the ``++byte++`` primitive data type is an 8-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -128 and a maximum value of 127. So by contract, the implementation of an ``++InputSteam.read()++`` method should never directly return a ``++byte++`` primitive data type. A conversion into an unsigned byte must be done before by applying a bitmask.


=== Noncompliant code example

[source,java]
----
@Override
public int read() throws IOException {
  if (pos == buffer.length()) {
    return -1;
  }
  return buffer.getByte(pos++); // Noncompliant, a signed byte value is returned
}
----


=== Compliant solution

[source,java]
----
@Override
public int read() throws IOException {
  if (pos == buffer.length()) {
    return -1;
  }
  return buffer.getByte(pos++) & 0xFF; // The 0xFF bitmask is applied
}
----


ifdef::env-github,rspecator-view[]

'''
== Implementation Specification
(visible only on this page)

=== Message

Convert this signed byte into an unsigned byte.


=== Highlighting

* Primary location: the argument of the return statement


endif::env-github,rspecator-view[]