== How to fix it in Java SE

=== Code examples

include::../../common/fix/code-rationale.adoc[]

==== Noncompliant code example

[source,java,diff-id=1,diff-type=noncompliant]
----
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
    String xml = 
        """<user>
            <username>"""+req.getParameter("username")+"""</username>
            <role>user</role>
        </user>""";
    
    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    
    try {
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
        builder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(xml))); // Noncompliant
    } catch (ParserConfigurationException | SAXException e) {
        resp.sendError(400);
    }
}
----

==== Compliant solution

[source,java,diff-id=1,diff-type=compliant]
----
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
    
    DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

    try {
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = builder.newDocument();
        Element user = doc.createElement("user");
        doc.appendChild(user);

        Element usernameElement = doc.createElement("username");
        user.appendChild(usernameElement);
        username_element.setTextContent(req.getParameter("username"));

        Element role = doc.createElement("role");
        user.appendChild(role);
        role.setTextContent("user");

    } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
        resp.sendError(400);
    }
}
----

=== How does this work?

include::../../common/fix/introduction.adoc[]

include::../../common/fix/object.adoc[]

The example compliant code takes advantage of the `javax.xml` and `org.w3c.dom`
libraries capabilities to programmatically build XML documents.

include::../../common/fix/casting.adoc[]