rspec/rules/S6172/cfamily/rule.adoc
2023-10-09 13:50:05 +02:00

59 lines
1.5 KiB
Plaintext

== Why is this an issue?
{cpp}20 introduced a restricted form of designated initializers for aggregates (i.e., arrays or classes that respect specific criteria). Designated initializers enable the initialization of aggregates by naming their fields explicitly:
[source,cpp]
----
struct Point {
float x = 0.0;
float y = 0.0;
float z = 0.0;
};
Point p = {
.x = 1.0,
.y = 2.0,
// z will be 0.0
};
----
This initialization style is similar to designated initializers in C and many {cpp} compiler extensions predating {cpp}20.
However, it is more restricted because some forms are not supported by the {cpp}20 standard, namely:
* listing the fields out of order
* array initialization (including sparse array initialization)
* initialization of nested fields
* mixed initialization
This rule reports non-{cpp}-compliant forms of designated initializers.
=== Noncompliant code example
[source,cpp,diff-id=1,diff-type=noncompliant]
----
struct A { int x, y; };
struct B { struct A a; };
struct A a = {.y = 1, .x = 2}; // Noncompliant: valid C, invalid C++ (out of order)
int arr[3] = {[1] = 5}; // Noncompliant: valid C, invalid C++ (array)
struct B b = {.a.x = 0}; // Noncompliant: valid C, invalid C++ (nested)
struct A c = {.x = 1, 2}; // Noncompliant: valid C, invalid C++ (mixed)
----
=== Compliant solution
[source,cpp,diff-id=1,diff-type=compliant]
----
struct A { int x, y; };
struct B { struct A a; };
struct A a = {.x = 2, .y = 1};
int arr[3] = {0, 5};
struct B b = {.a = {.x = 0}};
struct A c = {.x = 1, .y = 2};
----